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Glossary

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g
gallbladder
pear-shaped organ on the lower surface of the liver that acts as a storage reservoir for bile
gallstones
solid lumps or crystals that form in the gall bladder or bile ducts and may obstruct the flow of bile and cause pain
gamma-globulin
type of protein in blood plasma that provides immunity to certain viruses, such as hepatitis A and hepatitis B (also called immune globulin or immunoglobulin)
gastroenterologist
doctor who specializes in issues related to the gastrointestinal system, including the intestines, stomach, liver, and other organs
gastrointestinal
GI; relating to the digestive tract (from the mouth to the anus)
gene
a set of instructions inside every cell that has information on building and maintaining organisms
general anesthetic
drugs used in medical procedures to cause loss of consciousness and loss of the ability to feel pain
genetics
the study of how different traits, such as hair colour or blood type, are passed down from generation to generation; can also refer to a person’s genetic makeup
genotype
identifiable strain of a virus, based on genetic makeup. There are 6 major hepatitis C genotypes (numbered 1-6).
GGT
gamma-glutamyl transferase; a type of liver enzyme
gland
organized mass of cells that functions as an organ to secrete or excrete substances
glucose
simple-sugar compound that circulates in the blood and is the most common source of energy in the body